Simlipal National Park

Simlipal National Park: Odisha’s second National Park

Positioned in the heart of Odisha, Simlipal National Park is one of India’s most pristine and biodiverse protected areas. Simlipal is a haven for people who love the outdoors, wildlife, and adventure. It offers the perfect combination of lush woods, diverse flora and animals, and beautiful landscapes. The park, a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve, is located in the Mayurbhanj district of Odisha and spans an area of over 2,750 square kilometers. Here, the dense forests, towering mountains, cascading waterfalls, and wildlife coalesce into a magical experience for anyone who visits.

Historical Significance of Simlipal National Park

The history of Simlipal National Park dates back to the 1970s when it was designated a sanctuary in 1979. In 1994, authorities elevated it to a national park, and in 2009, UNESCO designated Simlipal as a Biosphere Reserve. The park’s name, “Simlipal,” is derived from the word “Simul,” meaning silk cotton trees, which are abundant in the area. The Bengal tiger depends on this expansive sanctuary, which is a part of the Simlipal Tiger Reserve.

The Eastern Ghats’ Simlipal is renowned for its distinct and varied ecosystem. The park boasts a diverse range of scenery, featuring lush plains, waterfalls, and steep hills and valleys. It holds critical importance not only for its biodiversity but also for maintaining ecological balance. The forested areas of Simlipal help regulate the local climate, prevent soil erosion, and preserve water resources.

Biodiversity in Simlipal National Park

Simlipal National Park is a paradise for wildlife enthusiasts. It offers a diverse range of species, including some that are endangered or rare. It is one of the few places in India where you can find tigers, elephants, leopards, and a variety of other wild animals.

• Bengal Tiger: Simlipal’s Bengal tiger population is one of the park’s biggest draws. Although these elusive cats are hard to spot, the park is known to be a breeding ground for these majestic predators. The rich forests, with their abundant prey, make it an ideal habitat for the tigers.
• Wild Elephants: Another prominent resident of Simlipal is the wild elephant. These gentle giants roam freely in the park, adding to its charm. Watching a herd of elephants from a distance is a remarkable experience most visitors cherish.
• Leopards, Wild Boar, and Other Mammals: Besides tigers and elephants, the park is home to leopards, spotted deer, sambar deer, wild boars, langurs, and several other species. The varied terrain, with dense forests and open meadows, provides an excellent habitat for these animals.
• Birdwatching: With more than 250 bird species identified in the park, Simlipal is a birdwatcher’s paradise. These include hornbill species, crested serpent eagles, and grey-headed fishing eagles. It’s a great place for birdwatchers due to its abundant avian diversity.
• Flora: The park’s vegetation is equally diverse, with tropical moist deciduous forests, dry deciduous forests, and various medicinal plants. Trees like sal, teak, and sandalwood are prominent in the park’s canopy, while the undergrowth supports a wide range of shrubs and herbs.

When to Visit Simlipal National Park?

October through June are the ideal months to visit Simlipal National Park, as the weather is more favorable for spotting animals. During this period, the park offers a mild climate, and visitors are more likely to spot wildlife as animals venture out in search of water and food. The monsoon season (June to September) reduces the possibilities of seeing animals because it brings torrential rains that render many of the park’s roads impassable.

Things to Do and See in Simlipal

• Wildlife Safari: The wildlife safari is one of the most well-liked pastimes in Simlipal. To see a range of animals and birds, visitors can take a guided vehicle safari along designated pathways within the park. A safari is a fully immersive experience that immerses you in the forest, hoping to see wildlife in its natural habitat, such as elephants or Bengal tigers.
• Trekking and Hiking: Simlipal National Park offers several trekking routes through its rugged terrain, catering to adventure enthusiasts. These treks, which range from easy to moderate in difficulty, take you through thick forests, over hills, and rivers, offering spectacular landscape views.
• Waterfalls: Simlipal is famous for its beautiful waterfalls. Visitors can explore two major waterfalls during a trip to the park: Joranda Waterfall and Barehipani Waterfall. The Joranda Waterfall, which falls from a height of 150 meters, is particularly awe-inspiring, especially during the monsoon season when it swells with water. The Barehipani Waterfall is the highest in the park, cascading from a height of 399 meters, and offers breathtaking views.
• Cultural Exploration: Beyond the wildlife, tribal villages surround Simlipal, offering visitors the opportunity to experience the rich culture and traditions of local communities, including the Santhal and Munda groups. These tribal communities showcase unique customs, dances, and handicrafts.

How to Reach Simlipal?

Road, rail, and air networks connect Simlipal National Park well. The nearest airport is in Kolkata, around 250 km away. The closest railway station is Baripada, about 45 km from the park. You can hire taxis and buses from both these points to reach the park.

For those traveling by road, Simlipal is accessible via well-maintained highways that connect the park to various towns and cities in Odisha. Experts recommend hiring a local guide to ensure a smooth visit and to navigate the park’s woodland roads.

Important Visitor Information

• Permits: Visitors are required to obtain permits to enter Simlipal National Park. They can get these permits from the Forest Department or access them online through the official portal.
• Guided Tours: While you can visit the park independently, experts recommend hiring a local guide for a more enriching experience. Not only do they know the best spots for wildlife sightings, but they also provide valuable information about the flora and fauna.
• Safety: Respecting the species and abiding by the park’s rules and regulations are crucial when exploring the area. Avoid making loud noises and maintain a safe distance from animals.
• Clothing and Gear: For trekking, pack lightweight, comfortable clothing, bug repellent, sunscreen, and sturdy footwear.

Final Thoughts

A genuine treasure for those who enjoy the outdoors and wildlife, Simlipal National Park offers a glimpse into India’s rich natural beauty. Simlipal creates unforgettable memories, whether you come for the wildlife, the waterfalls, or the peaceful forests. It is a must-visit destination for any nature lover’s bucket list, as it allows you to appreciate the unspoiled splendor of the natural world fully.